Located in the Andes Mountains of Peru, Machu Picchu is a 15th-century citadel built by the Incas. This UNESCO World Heritage site attracts thousands of visitors each year who are mesmerized by its stunning beauty and rich history. In this article, we will guide you through the different aspects of Machu Picchu, including its history, architecture, and tourist attractions.
History and Construction of Machu Picchu
The history of Machu Picchu is one of the greatest mysteries of the Inca civilization. It was built in the 15th century during the height of the Inca Empire but was abandoned shortly after the Spanish invasion. Experts speculate that Machu Picchu was a royal estate or a sacred religious site for the Inca leaders. The construction of Machu Picchu was a remarkable feat. It was built without the use of mortar, and the massive stones were cut with such precision that they fit together perfectly without any gaps. The Inca used a technique called ashlar masonry, creating walls made of llama dung and layered stones.
Architecture of Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu was built with intricate and advanced engineering techniques that can only be admired. The city was divided into two sectors: the agricultural and the urban sector. The agricultural sector was a terraced landscape with an intricate irrigation system. The urban sector, on the other hand, was a maze of narrow alleys, terraced plazas, and buildings made of stone walls.
The architecture of Machu Picchu shows the unique construction techniques of the Inca civilization. The buildings were constructed in such a way that they can withstand earthquakes and inclement weather. They are built on raised terraces to avoid flooding, and the walls are shaped to reduce the impact of strong winds. The buildings are also divided into two sections: one for the people and another for the gods. It highlights the religious and cultural practices of the Inca civilization.
Tourist Attractions at Machu Picchu
Today, Machu Picchu is one of Peru’s most popular tourism attractions. Visitors come to experience its natural beauty, breathtaking views, and ancient ruins. There are many things to do and see in Machu Picchu, including:
- The Sun Gate: A historic entrance to Machu Picchu for travelers hiking the Inca Trail.
- The Temple of the Sun: An ancient religious site that is still shrouded in mystery.
- The Inca Bridge: A suspension bridge with a harrowing view of the river below.
- The Intihuatana Stone: A sacred rock that was believed to hold the sun in place.
Visitors can also enjoy trekking the famous Inca Trail, which offers an unforgettable experience of the Andean highlands and the ruins along the way.
Conclusion
Machu Picchu is a must-see destination for anyone interested in history and architecture. It offers a glimpse into the remarkable civilization that was the Inca. The architecture and engineering of Machu Picchu are a testimony to the Inca’s advanced knowledge of building techniques. The mystical beauty of this ancient city and the natural surroundings will leave visitors with an unforgettable experience. So, plan your trip to Machu Picchu and uncover the mysteries of this ancient civilization.